两种垂直风切变条件下飑线过程对比分析     

刘鑫华 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2012,6(5):25-29

本文应用常规天气图资料、地面加密降水观测资料、探空资料及美国NCEP/NCAR再分析资料,对2010年7月19日山东飑线过程和2011年7月26日河北飑线过程进行了分析研究。结果表明, 两次过程的相同点是：都位于500 hPa高空槽前;两次飑线过程均产生了雷雨大风和短时强降水天气;湿层均较深厚;下沉有效位能均较大。不同点为：2010年7月19日山东飑线过程属于有明显垂直风切变环境中的飑线;对流不稳定能量相对较低。而2011年7月26日河北飑线过程属于风垂直切变相对小的环境中的飑线;对流不稳定能量很大。除了雷雨大风和短时强降水天气之外还产生了冰雹。  相似文献   

滇南飑线的发生环境及其多普勒雷达回波特征   总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2  

段鹤  严华生  王晓君 《热带气象学报》2012,28(1):68-76

通过对NCEP资料、常规气象资料和CIND3830-CC多普勒雷达观测资料的统计分析,归纳出滇南普洱市2004—2009年18次飑线发生前的天气形势及物理量场特征、飑线的时间分布特征、飑线的移动路径等。总结了飑线在多普勒雷达图上的基本结构、飑线中强对流单体的基本反射率特征、径向速度特征及天气对应关系,并分析飑线中回波单体的结构与灾害天气类型的对应关系、垂直液态水含量(VIL)的变化与飑线中冰雹的相关关系等。根据灾害类型和飑线中单体的结构将飑线分为5种类型,对飑线的短时临近预报有指导作用。  相似文献   

塔里木盆地西北部一次飑线过程的多普勒雷达回波分析     

唐秀  支俊  李广军 《沙漠与绿洲气象(新疆气象)》2012,6(3):21-26

:利用喀什新一代多普勒天气雷达监测资料和常规天气图,结合2010年7月21日发生在塔里木盆地西北部的一次暴雨灾害,分析了飑线的演变过程,发现强回波进入雷达扫描区就已经呈现出较典型的飑线特征,回波强度能很好地反映飑线发展变化,中气旋的出现与强对流风暴有一定的关系,雨强和垂直累积液态含水量对定时、定点、定量预报暴雨有很好的参考价值,垂直风切变也能反映中小尺度系统的存在。本文重点分析出现在伽师县西克尔库勒镇上空的暴雨形成机制,从而说明了多普勒雷达产品对南疆西部强对流天气的预警、预报有很好的指示作用。  相似文献   

用涡度场捕捉台风“鲇鱼”的动态     

李永平  詹宗明 《气象研究与应用》2012,33(2):9-10,123

用涡度场跟踪"鲇鱼"台风的移动过程,揭示出涡度场能提前捕捉台风"鲇鱼"的动态变化,具有超前的预报能力。  相似文献   

Temperature Inversion in the Bay of Bengal Prior to Summer Monsoon Onsets in 2010 and 2011          下载免费PDF全文

LI Jian  YANG Lei  SHU Ye-Qiang  WANG Dong-Xiao 《大气和海洋科学快报》2012,5(4):290-294

Freshwater input such as runoff and rainfall can enhance stratification in the Bay of Bengal(BOB) through the formation of a "barrier layer",which can lead to the formation of a temperature inversion.The authors focused on the temperature inversion in spring,especially before the onset of the summer monsoon,because previous research has mainly focused on the temperature inversion in winter.Using the hydrographic data from two cruises performed during 24-30 April 2010 and 1-4 May 2011,the authors found that inversions appeared at two out of nine Conductivity-Temperature-Depth Recorder(CTD) stations across the 10°N section and at seven out of 13 CTD stations across the 6°N section in the BOB.In 2010,the inversions(at stations N02 and N05) occurred at depths of approximately 50-60 meters,and their formation was caused by the advection of cold water over warm water.In 2010,the N02 inversion was mainly influenced by the warm saline water from the east sinking below the cold freshwater from the west,while the N05 inversion was affected by the warm saline water from its west sinking below the cold freshwater from its east.In 2011,the inversions appeared at depths of 20-40 meters(at stations S01,S02,S07,S08,and S09) and near 50 m(S12 and S13).The inversions in 2011 were mainly caused by the net heat loss of the ocean along the 6°N section.  相似文献   

基于线段检测算法的倾斜摄影直角像控点目标检测方法     

许承权  柳庆威 《地球信息科学学报》2021,23(3):505-513

针对航空摄影测量中空三加密时数据内业精校正的人工刺点效率低下,误差较大等问题,本文提出了一种基于线段检测（Line Segment Detector,LSD）算法的直角像控点目标检测方法。该方法首先通过Retinex算法增强影像彩色信息;再对影像进行双边滤波,在去除噪声的同时能很好的保留边缘信息;然后使用LSD算法提取线段,并结合最小二乘拟合将线段进行合并;经角度、距离和长度信息筛选出最外沿直角边,最后相交得到直角像控点。采用大疆无人机拍摄的“L”形像控点80景影像,“X”形像控点69景影像进行实验,结果表明,本文算法在复杂背景下的直角像控点检测中具有较高的准确率和精度,整体像控点提取准确率达到93.75%,像控点定位精度可以到2.37个像素,在复杂背景和目标失真的情况下依然能保持很高的准确率,定位精度明显优于人工刺点,相对于Radon和PPHT算法,本文算法的像控点组检测准确率明显提高,表明其检测精度受拍摄角度的影响较小。  相似文献   

Gravitationally distorted P Cygni profiles from outflows near compact objects     

A. V. Dorodnitsyn 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,393(4):1433-1448

We consider resonant absorption in a spectral line in the outflowing plasma within several tens of Schwarzschild radii from a compact object. We take into account both Doppler and gravitational shifting effects and reformulate the theory of P Cygni profiles in these new circumstances. It is found that a spectral line may have multiple absorption and emission components depending on how far the region of interaction is from the compact object and what the distribution of velocity and opacity is. Profiles of spectral lines produced near a neutron star or a black hole can be strongly distorted by Doppler blue- or redshifting and gravitational redshifting. These profiles may have both red- and blueshifted absorption troughs. The result should be contrasted with classical P Cygni profiles, which consist of redshifted emission and blueshifted absorption features.
We suggest that this property of line profiles to have complicated narrow absorption and emission components in the presence of strong gravity may help researchers to study spectroscopically the innermost parts of an outflow.  相似文献   

The Wouthuysen-Field effect in a clumpy intergalactic medium     

Jonathan Higgins  Avery Meiksin 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,393(3):949-958

  相似文献   

A relativistically smeared spectrum in the neutron star X-ray binary 4U 1705−44: looking at the inner accretion disc with X-ray spectroscopy     

T. Di Salvo  A. D'Aí  R. Iaria  L. Burderi  M. Dov&#;iak  V. Karas  G. Matt  A. Papitto  S. Piraino  A. Riggio  N. R. Robba  A. Santangelo 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,398(4):2022-2027

Iron emission lines at 6.4–6.97 keV, identified with fluorescent Kα transitions, are among the strongest discrete features in the X-ray band. These are therefore one of the most powerful probes to infer the properties of the plasma in the innermost part of the accretion disc around a compact object. In this paper, we present a recent XMM–Newton observation of the X-ray burster 4U 1705−44, where we clearly detect a relativistically smeared iron line at about 6.7 keV, testifying with high statistical significance that the line profile is distorted by high-velocity motion in the accretion disc. As expected from disc reflection models, we also find a significant absorption edge at about 8.3 keV; this feature appears to be smeared, and is compatible with being produced in the same region where the iron line is produced. From the line profile, we derive the physical parameters of the inner accretion disc with large precision. The line is identified with the Kα transition of highly ionized iron, Fe  xxv , the inner disc radius is   R _in= 14 ± 2  R _g  (where R _g is the Gravitational radius,   GM / c ²  ), the emissivity dependence from the disc radius is   r ^{−2.27±0.08}  , the inclination angle with respect to the line of sight is   i = 39°± 1°  . Finally, the XMM–Newton spectrum shows evidences of other low-energy emission lines, which again appear broad and their profiles are compatible with being produced in the same region where the iron line is produced.  相似文献   

Method of predicting soil mechanical parameters in shallow formation while jetting process in deep-water drilling     

Yunjin Xu  Jin Yang  Wei Meng  Hao Yang 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2017,35(3):406-413

The mechanical properties of shallow soils in deep water play an important role in drilling design and construction as well as later oil and gas development. Since it is difficult to collect soil samples from layers deeper than 10 m below the sea floor, the acquisition of shallow soil mechanics, based on the variation of drilling parameters in the deep-water drilling process, is not only economical but also reliable. In this article, we analyze the variation of subsea soil properties based on the variation of deep-water jet-drilling construction parameters, calculate the lateral friction resistance of conductor by use of weight-on-bit (WOB) and displacement parameters in the jetting process, and determine the drilled formation’s shear strength and internal friction angle in consideration of restored friction resistance. To verify the accuracy of the prediction-while-drilling model on seabed shallow soil mechanics, indoor unit and field simulation experiments were separately conducted. Moreover, the calculations from field application examples indicate that the prediction-while-drilling of deep-water seabed shallow soil mechanics achieves high conformity with the local practice results, which also indicates that this method could effectively guide field construction operations.  相似文献